Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV / “Bloat”)
Overview
Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV), or “bloat,” is a rapidly progressive, life-threatening condition where the stomach fills with gas and twists, cutting off blood supply.
This leads to:
- Shock
- Tissue death
- Organ failure
Without treatment, GDV can be fatal within hours.
Symptoms
- Restlessness, pacing
- Unproductive retching
- Swollen abdomen
- Drooling
- Rapid breathing
- Collapse
Treatment
- Emergency IV fluids
- Gastric decompression (tube or needle)
- Immediate surgery (untwisting + gastropexy)
When to See a Vet
Immediately — minutes matter.
Prevention
- Small meals
- No exercise after eating
- Slow feeders
- Preventive gastropexy in high-risk breeds
References
- ACVS: https://www.acvs.org
- Merck Vet Manual: https://www.merckvetmanual.com